Cardiac Aortic Valve
The aortic valve seen face-on as three semilunar cusps that retract to a wide triangular orifice through ejection and close back to a Y-shaped commissure.
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Cardiovascular
15 animationsCardiac Atrial Fibrillation
One ordered wavefront crossing the atrium breaks apart into four disordered wavelets circulating at once, and the ventricular response strip beneath turns irregular.
CSSCardiac Baroreflex
Arterial pressure climbs past a sensor threshold on a ticked trace and the beat marks on the rule beneath widen in response until the pressure settles back to the set point.
CSSCardiac Bundle Branch Block
The His bundle divides into two branches and one is interrupted at a break mark, so its side activates late by a slow septal detour while an activation-time bar stretches to show the delay.
CSSCardiac Collateral Flow
Flow down a coronary branch stops dead at an occlusion, then a collateral channel from the neighbouring artery fills across and supplies the territory beyond the block.
CSSCardiac Conduction Pathway
An impulse leaves the sinoatrial node, crosses the atrial tracts, waits at the atrioventricular node, then runs the His bundle into both branches and fans out through the Purkinje fibres.
CSSCardiac Coronary Stenosis
A coronary artery in long section carries dense flow until a narrowed waist throttles it to a thin jet, and the pressure bars post the gradient across the lesion.
CSSCardiac Coronary Stent
A stent lattice expands inside the narrowed segment, the vessel wall lifts back to full calibre around it and flow through the treated length picks up speed.
CSSCardiac Coronary Supply
The left and right coronary arteries lie over a myocardial outline and a diastolic perfusion wash fills the main branches and then the distal twigs.
CSSCardiac Double Circuit
Two loops in series either side of a two-chambered pump: a marker runs the pulmonary loop and brightens at the gas-exchange bed, then runs the systemic loop and dims again at the tissues.
CSSCardiac Ejection Fraction
A ventricle outline contracts inside its dashed end-diastolic profile while a ticked gauge arc beside it sweeps up to the fraction ejected and holds the reading.
CSSCardiac Four Chambers
A four-chamber cross-section where the atria contract and empty first, then the ventricles, with the inlet valves shutting and the outflow opening at their own moments in the cycle.
CSSCardiac Mitral Valve
A long-axis pair of hinged mitral leaflets on their chordae swings apart to let the ventricle fill, then coapts and billows shut as pressure builds beneath it.
CSSCardiac Pacing Capture
A pacing lead seated at the ventricular apex fires a stimulus that fails to capture, then a stronger one that does, and a wavefront spreads from the tip through the chamber.
CSSCardiac Pressure-Volume Loop
A pressure-volume loop traced counterclockwise on ticked axes: filling along the bottom, isovolumic rise, ejection across the top, then isovolumic relaxation back down.
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