Pulsarby Business Nebula

Organic

15 animations

CSS Minimal line4–5.2s cycle

Aldol addition
An enolate carbon reaches across and draws a new carbon-carbon bond to a carbonyl, the negative charge moving to the alkoxide oxygen as it lands.
CSS
Anti-periplanar elimination
A base carries the beta proton away while the leaving group is pushed off the far carbon, and the pi bond draws in between the two as they go.
CSS
Aromatic delocalisation
The two Kekule structures of a benzene ring hand over through the delocalised inner circle and back, the hexagon frame holding still.
CSS
Arrow pushing
A curly arrow sweeps from a donor lone pair to the electrophilic carbon of a carbonyl, its head landing before the arrow clears and sweeps again.
CSS
Backside substitution
A nucleophile closes on a carbon centre from the back, the spectator bonds inverting through the planar transition state as the leaving group is pushed off the front.
CSS
Carbonyl polarisation
The pi bond of a carbonyl slides towards the oxygen and the partial charges resolve either side of it before the bond relaxes back.
CSS
Carboxylate resonance
The pi bond of a carboxylate moves from one oxygen to the other while the negative charge moves the other way across the delocalised hybrid.
CSS
Cycloaddition
A dienophile slides into the mouth of a diene and two sigma bonds close the six-membered ring as the old pi bonds retract and a new one draws in.
CSS
Hydroxyl group
The proton of an alcohol lifts off the oxygen and its bond retracts, the oxygen carrying a negative charge until the proton returns.
CSS
Ionisation and capture
The leaving group ionises off a carbon centre, the planar cation holds inside its dashed shell, and a nucleophile comes in to quench the charge.
CSS
Markovnikov addition
A proton and a bulkier group close onto a double bond from either side, the more substituted carbon taking the larger group as the pi bond retracts.
CSS
Non-superimposable pair
One stereocentre turns over through edge-on and slides onto its mirror image, its wedge becoming a hash so the two stereo bonds refuse to coincide.
CSS
Ring flip
A cyclohexane chair inverts through the flat half-chair and the marked substituent hands over from its axial position to the equatorial one.
CSS
Skeletal chain
A zig-zag carbon backbone builds bond by bond over the muted finished formula while the tip marker steps from vertex to vertex.
CSS
Torsional strain
The rear carbon of a Newman projection turns through a hundred and twenty degrees and back, the strain marker rising each time the bonds eclipse.
CSS